The statistics of fishing in a period of 10-20 years show that the fishing in the Caspian Sea is decreasing with a significant slope, and what is in the fishing basket of authorized and unauthorized fishermen is the result of the efforts of fisheries reconstruction centers and hatchery pools (earthen and coastal pools). It is special for raising baby fish (fishing fins).
According to the public relations report of the Iranian Fisheries Organization, quoted by IRNA, one of the reasons for the reduction of fish stocks in the Caspian Sea is the large volume of illegal fishing activities in the coastal waters of the Caspian Sea. The loss of natural reproduction and restoration conditions of fish in important fishing rivers caused by the entry of various industrial, urban and agricultural pollutants, sand removal, lack of water and illegal fishing in the estuary and upstream of the rivers by local and indigenous people also have very adverse effects on marine aquatic resources. Caspian and Sayid fishing companies have stopped.
Destructive and harmful effects which showed that seven aquatic species of Anzali lagoon are in danger of extinction, in this regard, in order to protect the sea anfal, in order to preserve the genetic resources, fisheries has put extensive measures in order to multiply and restore the genetic resources of the sea, and this year in The beginning of the fish release season, 4.5 million pieces of bony fish and caviar were released in the Caspian Sea.
Restoration of the reserves of the vital artery of fishing activity in the Caspian coast
Gilan is twice as active as Golestan and Mazandaran in breeding and releasing bony fish and caviar.
The history and roots of the reconstruction of fish genetic stocks in Iran go back to Gilan, which started breeding white fish for the first time in 1939 , and Shahid Beheshti Center until 1968 produced about 50 million white fish larvae and released them in the rivers leading to the lagoon.
According to this background; National officials; Gilan is declared as the cradle of bony fish stock restoration, and in the meantime, Shahid Beheshti Rasht’s Shahid Beheshti fish genetic stock preservation and restoration center is also the leader in the mass production of baby fish. This center officially started its activity and mass production in 1972 , and it was in 1979 that Shahid Rajaei Center was formed in Sari.
Although there are eight centers for the restoration of aquatic resources in the southern part of the Caspian Sea, according to Iranian fisheries officials, it is Gilan that is as active as the 2 provinces of Mazandaran and Golestan in breeding, releasing and restoring bony fish and sturgeon.
Reconstruction of economic fish stocks and genetic conservation of non-economic fish
But today in Gilan, Shahid Ansari Rasht Bony Fish Genetic Reserve Center is one of the most important bony fish recovery centers in the country, which is active in 2 sectors: economic fish stock recovery and non-economic fish genetic conservation.
This year, 125 million spring white fish larvae were produced in the Rasht reserve restoration center, and a research project on the artificial reproduction of the endangered species of Caspian sea bream was started for the first time in the country.
Head of the Center for the Reconstruction and Conservation of Bony Fish Genetic Resources, Shahid Ansari, Rasht, referring to the activities of this center regarding the reproduction and restoration of economic fishes of the Caspian Sea, stated: In the future, the reproduction and restoration of the genetic resources of non-economic fishes consisting of various types of fish in the southern basin of the Caspian Sea It is on the agenda of this center.
Daniyal Grohi told IRNA reporter: In this field, we are facing challenges and limitations, including climate changes, drought, and the entry of all kinds of urban, rural, hospital industrial effluents, and even agricultural toxins into rivers and all water sources. It has become one of our concerns in this department.
He added: Iran is in a strategic position along with four other countries and benefits from the water resources of the Caspian Sea, and the use of commercial, oil and military vessels in the sea by these countries can have negative effects on the restoration of reserves.
He emphasized: All these factors cause the aquatic habitat to be affected. For this reason, the Shahid Ansari reservoir restoration center is working to preserve the reproductives of various species in the restoration of the reservoirs, which is actually an obligatory and compensatory measure.
A group stated: In this center, with an emphasis on white fish, on species such as carp, lagoon carp, black koli, king koli, lai fish, duck fish, and in the past years, on red fin fish, kolme, and freshwater crab, there are also restoration activities Done.
Restoration of the reserves of the vital artery of fishing activity in the Caspian coast
He stated that we should have a systematic and correct planning in the reproduction and restoration of non-economic fishes, adding: Many of our species in the wetlands and rivers are among the indicators of healthy waters. Fishes such as pipefish, haji tarkhan bream, redfin and kolmeh are among the fishes that can continue their lives in a suitable and healthy situation. to be
Head of the Center for Reconstruction and Protection of Bony Fish Genetic Resources, Shahid Ansari Rasht, regarding the danger of extinction and the conditions for preserving the genetics of the sable fish, which is a type of carnivorous fish, also said: the presence of the sable fish in water sources with emphasis on the Anzali lagoon, with the assumption that the fish are weak and hunting those with genetic problems that were affected by environmental factors so that healthy fish prevail in the sea collection, can be considered an urgent matter, but unfortunately we are facing a severe decline of this species.
He added: We are facing a problem regarding the solution of sable fish due to the fact that it is one of the fish without scales, but this fish can be very important for cleaning sick and injured fish in the aquatic environment.
